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Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
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Erythropoiesis01:14

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Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
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Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
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Accurate and Simple Evaluation of Vascular Anastomoses in Monochorionic Placenta using Colored Dye
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Published on: September 5, 2011

Polycythemia in the newborn.

M Jeevasankar1, Ramesh Agarwal, Deepak Chawla

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, WHO Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Newborn Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|February 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polycythemia, a condition with high hematocrit, can cause blood hyperviscosity and hypo-perfusion in newborns. Screening and management guidelines are crucial for high-risk infants to prevent organ system complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Polycythemia is defined as a venous hematocrit exceeding 65% in newborns.
  • Hematocrit levels peak early and are influenced by intrauterine factors or fetal transfusions.
  • Blood viscosity increases exponentially above 65% hematocrit, leading to potential hypo-perfusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define polycythemia and its causes in newborns.
  • To elucidate the relationship between hematocrit and blood viscosity.
  • To outline clinical features and management guidelines for polycythemia-hyperviscosity syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence and established definitions for polycythemia.
  • Analysis of the hematocrit-viscosity relationship.
  • Description of clinical manifestations and screening protocols for affected neonates.

Main Results:

  • Polycythemia is linked to intrauterine hypoxia or fetal transfusion.
  • Elevated hematocrit significantly increases blood viscosity, particularly above 65%.
  • Polycythemia-hyperviscosity syndrome presents with diverse symptoms affecting multiple organ systems.

Conclusions:

  • Polycythemia requires careful screening in high-risk newborns.
  • Management strategies should address both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases based on evidence-based guidelines.
  • Early identification and intervention are key to preventing complications.