Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
10:36

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia

Published on: October 11, 2011

Cardiopulmonary outcomes of extreme prematurity

Lex W Doyle1

  • 1The Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia. lwd@unimelb.edu.au

Seminars in Perinatology
|February 6, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Very preterm infants often survive initial cardiopulmonary issues. However, long-term survivors face reduced lung function and cardiovascular abnormalities, potentially leading to earlier adult cardiopulmonary disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Very preterm infants face significant early cardiopulmonary challenges.
  • While most survive, some require prolonged oxygen support.
  • Long-term respiratory issues and cardiovascular changes are observed in survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term cardiopulmonary health of very preterm survivors.
  • To assess the progression of cardiopulmonary abnormalities into adulthood.
  • To determine the impact of early cardiopulmonary issues on later-life morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal follow-up of very preterm infants.
  • Assessment of lung function and cardiovascular parameters.
  • Analysis of hospital readmission rates for respiratory illnesses.

Main Results:

  • Most survivors overcome initial cardiopulmonary diseases.
  • A minority experience prolonged oxygen dependency.
  • Reduced lung function, elevated blood pressure, and cardiovascular abnormalities are prevalent in adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • Very preterm survivors exhibit persistent cardiopulmonary sequelae into adulthood.
  • These abnormalities may precipitate earlier onset of adult cardiopulmonary disease.
  • Further research is needed to link early adulthood outcomes to middle and old age morbidity.

More Related Videos

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Pediatric Animal Model of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Prolonged Circulatory Arrest04:55

Pediatric Animal Model of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Prolonged Circulatory Arrest

Published on: May 26, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult01:21

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...