Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: a case series

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is the most frequent primary orbital malignancy in children.
• It commonly manifests as rapidly progressing unilateral proptosis.

Observation:

• A study reviewed six patients (ages 4-29) diagnosed between 1999-2004.
• Presentations included acute proptosis mimicking orbital cellulitis, lid mass, and a soft, blind eye with a large mass.
• Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was the predominant histopathological subtype (5/6 patients).

Findings:

• One patient achieved complete remission with chemotherapy alone.
• Two patients received combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
• Three patients necessitated orbital exenteration.

Implications:

• Early diagnosis and tailored treatment are crucial for managing orbital rhabdomyosarcoma.
• Multimodal therapy, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, is often required.
• Understanding presentation variations aids in timely intervention for this pediatric malignancy.