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Related Concept Videos

Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
Measuring Reaction Rates03:09

Measuring Reaction Rates

Polarimetry finds application in chemical kinetics to measure the concentration and reaction kinetics of optically active substances during a chemical reaction. Optically active substances have the capability of rotating the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them—a feature called optical rotation. Optical activity is attributed to the molecular structure of substances. Normal monochromatic light is unpolarized and possesses oscillations of the electrical field in...
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity02:24

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM
12:28

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM

Published on: April 2, 2014

Optical polarization imaging.

S G Demos, R R Alfano

    Applied Optics
    |January 1, 1997
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Different light polarization profiles reveal tissue properties. This enables novel noninvasive imaging of biological systems, both at the surface and deeper within.

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    Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM
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    Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy for a Label-Free Amyloid Structural Characterization
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    Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy for a Label-Free Amyloid Structural Characterization

    Published on: September 8, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical optics
    • Biophotonics
    • Medical imaging

    Background:

    • Light scattering in biological tissues alters polarization.
    • Temporal profiles of backscattered light polarization components differ.
    • Tissue optical properties influence light penetration and depolarization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel noninvasive imaging technique.
    • To utilize differences in temporal polarization profiles of backscattered light.
    • To image biological systems at and beneath the surface.

    Main Methods:

    • Analyzing temporal profiles of parallel and perpendicular polarization components of backscattered light.
    • Correlating polarization changes with tissue scattering and absorption characteristics.
    • Developing a noninvasive imaging approach based on these optical properties.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated distinct temporal profiles for parallel and perpendicular polarization components.
    • Established dependence of penetration depth and depolarization on tissue optical properties.
    • Successfully applied the technique for noninvasive imaging.

    Conclusions:

    • Temporal polarization analysis of backscattered light provides insights into tissue optical properties.
    • This method allows for noninvasive surface and subsurface imaging of biological tissues.
    • The technique offers a new approach for biomedical imaging applications.