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Related Concept Videos

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain gauge...
Hooke's Law01:26

Hooke's Law

Hooke's law, a pivotal principle in material science, establishes that the strain a material undergoes is directly proportional to the applied stress, defined by a factor called the modulus of elasticity or Young's modulus.
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
Strain and Elastic Modulus01:15

Strain and Elastic Modulus

The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
08:23

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

Published on: September 30, 2019

Fiber-optic strain-displacement sensor employing nonlinear buckling.

K F Voss, K H Wanser

    Applied Optics
    |May 1, 1997
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces novel fiber-optic sensors that measure strain and displacement using controlled fiber buckling and bend loss. These simple, repeatable, and cost-effective sensors offer a wide sensing range and high-temperature operation.

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    Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
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    Published on: September 30, 2019

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    Published on: May 23, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Materials Science
    • Optical Sensing Technologies

    Background:

    • Traditional strain and displacement sensors often face limitations in range, cost, or high-temperature performance.
    • Developing robust and cost-effective sensing solutions is crucial for structural health monitoring.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a new class of intrinsic fiber-optic sensors for strain and displacement measurement.
    • To demonstrate a practical implementation using multimode optical fibers and explore high-temperature capabilities.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing the precisely controlled nonlinear buckling of optical fibers.
    • Measuring the resulting optical bend loss as a function of fiber displacement.
    • Developing a multimode fiber sensor configuration.

    Main Results:

    • The sensor exhibits a wide sensing range, from sub-nanometer to millimeters.
    • A linear response and excellent repeatability were observed over a broad displacement range.
    • A high-temperature version demonstrated reliable operation up to 600 degrees C.

    Conclusions:

    • This new fiber-optic sensor technology offers a simple, cost-effective, and versatile solution for strain and displacement sensing.
    • The sensor's performance characteristics make it suitable for diverse structural monitoring applications, including those at elevated temperatures.