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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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Subsequent T...
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

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Microbial Nutrition

Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Related Experiment Videos

Progress in nutritional immunology.

Gabriel Fernandes1

  • 1University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-7868, USA. fernandes@uthscsa.edu

Immunologic Research
|February 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calorie restriction combined with n-3 fatty acids effectively prolongs lifespan and combats obesity. This dietary approach shows promise in preventing chronic diseases like autoimmunity and cardiovascular disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Immunology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Imbalanced nutrition and over-nutrition contribute to chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and malignancy.
  • Calorie restriction (CR) has been shown to prevent weight gain and extend lifespan in rodents since 1936.
  • Previous research explored CR's impact on immune function, aging, autoimmunity, and malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acids (fish oil), with and without calorie restriction (CR), on controlling autoimmune disease.
  • To compare the efficacy of n-3 fatty acids versus n-6 fatty acids in conjunction with CR.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized NZB x NZW F1 mice to study autoimmune disease.
  • Administered diets with n-3 fatty acids (fish oil) and n-6 fatty acids (corn oil) with and without calorie restriction.
  • Analyzed changes in immune function, antioxidant enzymes, cytokine levels, and gene expression (NF-kappaB, AP-1, SIRT1).
  • Assessed effects on bone loss in OVX mice and insulin sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • n-3 fatty acids (FA) alone prolonged lifespan in ad-libitum fed mice compared to n-6 FA.
  • n-3 FA combined with CR was more effective than n-6 FA with CR.
  • n-3 FA enhanced antioxidant enzymes, lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines (Th-1/Th-2, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha), and reduced COX-2/PGE(2) levels.
  • CR and n-3 FA decreased body weight, increased insulin sensitivity, protected against bone loss, and reduced NF-kappaB/AP-1 activity while increasing SIRT1 expression.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary n-3 fatty acids combined with calorie restriction offer a superior strategy for prolonging lifespan and preventing chronic diseases.
  • This combined approach shows potential for protecting against cardiovascular disease, malignancy, autoimmunity, and osteoporosis.
  • Further research using nutrigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics is needed to fully understand diet's role in age-related diseases.