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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds01:14

NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds

Aromatic compounds can be identified or analyzed using proton NMR and carbon‐13 NMR. Typically, aromatic hydrogens or hydrogens directly bonded to the aromatic rings are strongly deshielded by the aromatic ring current. Therefore, they absorb in the range of 6.5–8.0 ppm in proton NMR spectra. For instance, aromatic hydrogens directly bonded to the benzene ring absorb at 7.3 ppm. However, aromatic hydrogens of larger rings absorb farther upfield or downfield than the ideal range. Consider...
Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives01:26

Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Infrared spectroscopy is primarily used to determine the types of bonds and functional groups. In carboxylic acid derivatives, a typical carbonyl bond absorption is observed around 1650–1850 cm−1. For esters, the absorption is recorded at around 1740 cm−1, while acid halides show the absorption at about 1800 cm−1. Another acid derivative, the acid anhydrides, exhibit two carbonyl absorption around 1760 cm−1 and 1820 cm−1, arising from the symmetrical and unsymmetrical carbonyl vibration.
In the...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems01:32

UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems

Organic compounds with conjugated double bonds show strong absorption features in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum attributed to π → π* electronic excitations. Generally, a UV–vis absorption spectrum is recorded as a plot of absorbance vs wavelength. The wavelength of maximum absorbance, which manifests as a peak in the absorption spectrum, is denoted as λmax.
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
07:52

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

Published on: April 12, 2017

Cell (A549)-particle (Jasada Bhasma) interactions using Raman spectroscopy.

G Pyrgiotakis1, T K Bhowmick, K Finton

  • 1Particle Engineering Research Center, University of Florida, Gainesvilla, Florida, USA.

Biopolymers
|February 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Raman spectroscopy noninvasively studied Jasada Bhasma, a traditional Indian medicine, interacting with human lung cells (A549). Bhasma treatment increased intracellular DNA/RNA and protein levels, suggesting delayed DNA degradation and enhanced protein retention.

More Related Videos

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy
13:48

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy

Published on: May 29, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
07:52

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

Published on: April 12, 2017

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy
13:48

Non-contact, Label-free Monitoring of Cells and Extracellular Matrix using Raman Spectroscopy

Published on: May 29, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Current methods for evaluating particle-cell interactions are often slow, non-specific, and invasive.
  • Raman spectroscopy offers a noninvasive alternative for analyzing cellular components and their responses to external agents.
  • Jasada Bhasma, a traditional Indian zinc-based medicine, has potential therapeutic applications but its cellular interaction mechanisms require detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between the particulate system Jasada Bhasma and the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) using Raman spectroscopy.
  • To analyze the changes in intracellular concentrations of DNA/RNA, proteins, and lipids in A549 cells upon treatment with Jasada Bhasma.
  • To elucidate the potential cellular effects of Jasada Bhasma, such as DNA degradation delay and protein retention.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Raman spectroscopy for noninvasive analysis of A549 cells treated with Jasada Bhasma.
  • Performed spectral analysis to quantify differences in intracellular DNA/RNA, protein, and lipid concentrations between treated and untreated cells.
  • Compared Raman spectral signatures of Bhasma-treated A549 cells against control (untreated) cells.

Main Results:

  • Observed a significant increase in vibrational peaks associated with DNA/RNA molecules in A549 cells treated with Jasada Bhasma.
  • Detected a significant increase in vibrational peaks corresponding to protein molecules in Bhasma-treated A549 cells.
  • Lipid concentration analysis results were not explicitly detailed in the provided abstract.

Conclusions:

  • Jasada Bhasma treatment appears to positively influence A549 cells by potentially delaying DNA degradation.
  • The study suggests that Jasada Bhasma treatment enhances the retention of protein molecules within A549 cells.
  • Raman spectroscopy is demonstrated as an effective noninvasive tool for assessing the impact of particulate systems like Jasada Bhasma on cellular components.