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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Using Nicotine in a Silica-Exposed Mouse Model to Promote Lung Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Using Nicotine in a Silica-Exposed Mouse Model to Promote Lung Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: March 3, 2023

Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.

L F Stead¹, R Perera, C Bullen

¹University of Oxford, Department of Primary Health Care, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, UK OX3 7LF. lindsay.stead@dphpc.ox.ac.uk

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|February 7, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) significantly increases smoking cessation success rates by 50-70% across various forms and settings. Different NRT formulations offer varying effectiveness, with combinations potentially yielding better results than single therapies.

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Spectral Confocal Imaging of Fluorescently tagged Nicotinic Receptors in Knock-in Mice with Chronic Nicotine Administration

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Published on: February 10, 2012

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Public Health
Addiction Medicine

Background:

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aims to reduce smoking motivation and withdrawal symptoms by temporarily replacing nicotine from cigarettes.
This process facilitates the transition to complete smoking abstinence.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of NRT compared to placebo in smoking cessation.
To compare the effectiveness of different NRT formulations (gum, patches, nasal spray, inhalers, tablets/lozenges).
To investigate factors influencing NRT effectiveness, including dosage, form, timing, support intensity, and clinical setting, and compare NRT with other pharmacotherapies.

Main Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted.
Searched Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register for studies on nicotine or NRT.
Included RCTs comparing NRT to placebo or no treatment, with at least six months follow-up and reported cessation rates.

Main Results:

NRT use, compared to placebo, increased smoking abstinence rates by 58% (RR 1.58, 95% CI: 1.50-1.66).
Specific NRT forms showed varying efficacy: nasal spray (RR 2.02), oral tablets/lozenges (RR 2.00), inhaler (RR 1.90), patch (RR 1.66), and gum (RR 1.43).
Effectiveness was consistent across different support levels and settings; combination NRT was more effective than single types, and NRT was less effective than bupropion in one study.

Conclusions:

All commercially available NRT forms are effective in increasing smoking cessation success rates.
NRT increases quitting rates by 50-70%, irrespective of the setting or intensity of additional support.
While additional support is beneficial, it is not essential for NRT's success.