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Seronegative acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

M J McCleod1, A A Pecora, A F Sorbello

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford.

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

A man met the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) case definition without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) evidence. This suggests potential transfusion-transmitted HIV infection, highlighting transfusion safety concerns.

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Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is typically caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • Transfusion-transmitted infections pose a significant public health risk.
  • Diagnostic challenges exist in early HIV seroconversion.

Observation:

  • A 63-year-old male patient presented with AIDS-defining conditions post-coronary bypass graft transfusion.
  • The patient exhibited recurrent fever, lymphopenia, low helper T-cell count, candidiasis, and Pneumocystis pneumonia.
  • Standard HIV testing yielded negative or inconclusive results.

Findings:

  • The patient's clinical presentation met the CDC surveillance case definition for AIDS.
  • Absence of definitive HIV laboratory evidence complicated diagnosis.

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  • Potential for seroconversion at the time of death was noted.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the possibility of transfusion-transmitted HIV infection presenting without clear serological markers.
    • It underscores the importance of considering transfusion history in unexplained opportunistic infections.
    • Further investigation into transfusion safety protocols and early HIV detection methods is warranted.