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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
Published on: June 2, 2014
[Migraine and hormones: what can we be certain of?]
1Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitäts-Klinkum Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. bingel@uke.uni-hamburg.de
Abstract:
Women suffer from migraine far more frequently than men. This sex difference during the reproductive years is considered to result from additional trigger factors, such as the fluctuating hormones of the menstrual cycle and with the reproductive milestones of women. The role of the female hormones on migraine is illustrated by the phenomenon of menstrual migraine, and the changes in the clinical course of migraine with menarche, pregnancy, menopause and the external application of hormones. In summary, epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies document a substantial influence of female sex hormones on the pathophysiology of migraine headache.
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