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Related Concept Videos

Fixation and Sectioning01:03

Fixation and Sectioning

Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
The simplest type of preparation is the wet mount, in which the specimen is placed in a drop of liquid on the slide. A liquid specimen can be directly deposited on the slide using a dropper. Solid specimens, such as skin scraping, can be placed on the slide before adding a drop of liquid to prepare the wet mount. Sometimes the liquid is simply water, but stains are often added...
Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...

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Computer processing of electron microscope cross sections of multilayer mirrors.

M O Flaissier, C Guichet, M Rasigni

    Applied Optics
    |February 9, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new method uses computer processing of electron micrographs to analyze interface profiles in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) layered synthetic microstructures (LSMs). This improves understanding of structural behavior and EUV optical properties.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology
    • Optics

    Background:

    • Layered Synthetic Microstructures (LSMs) are crucial for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) applications.
    • Accurate characterization of interfaces in LSMs is essential for understanding their performance.
    • Existing methods may not fully capture the detailed interface profiles relevant to EUV optics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel method for determining interface profiles of EUV-LSMs.
    • To quantitatively characterize interfacial roughness using statistical parameters.
    • To enhance the understanding of structural behavior and EUV optical properties of multilayer stacks.

    Main Methods:

    • Computer processing of digitized LSM electron micrographs.
    • Application of the developed method to a tungsten/carbon multilayer sample.
    • Characterization of interfacial roughness using root mean square (rms) roughness height and autocorrelation length (sigma).

    Main Results:

    • Successfully determined interface profiles of the tungsten/carbon multilayer.
    • Quantified interfacial roughness parameters (rms height and autocorrelation length).
    • Demonstrated the utility of the method for detailed structural analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed computer-based method provides accurate interface profile determination for EUV-LSMs.
    • Quantitative roughness parameters offer insights into interfacial characteristics.
    • Improved understanding of interface profiles will lead to better design and performance of EUV optical components.