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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
08:47

Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber

Published on: March 3, 2023

[Threshold pollen count necessary to evoke allergic symptoms].

Piotr Rapiejko1, Wanda Stanlaewicz, Kornel Szczygielski

  • 1Klinika Otolaryngologii, Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny w Warszawie.

Otolaryngologia Polska = the Polish Otolaryngology
|February 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Allergic disease symptoms correlate with allergen type and concentration. Higher pollen counts, especially from grass, alder, and mugwort, trigger more severe reactions like dyspnea.

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Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Allergology
  • Aerobiology

Context:

  • Allergic diseases significantly impact public health, with environmental aeroallergens being primary triggers.
  • Understanding the dose-response relationship between airborne allergen levels and clinical symptoms is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the correlation between the clinical presentation of allergic diseases and the concentration of specific airborne allergens.
  • To determine threshold levels of various pollen and fungal spores that elicit symptoms in sensitized individuals.

Summary:

  • A study of 640 individuals in Warsaw assessed allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma severity against aeroallergen exposure.
  • Grass pollen at 50 grains/m³ elicited symptoms in all sensitized individuals, with dyspnea above 120 grains/m³.
  • Alternaria spores (80 spores/m³) and Cladosporium spores (>2800 spores/m³) triggered symptoms, while plantain and nettle showed lower reactivity.

Impact:

  • Findings highlight the critical role of aeroallergen concentration and type in modulating allergic disease severity.
  • Provides valuable data for aerobiological monitoring and clinical decision-making in allergy management.
  • Informs public health strategies for mitigating allergic reactions during high pollen seasons.