Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Immunoglobulin Gene Sequence Analysis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Patient Material To Sequence Interpretation
Published on: November 26, 2018
Immunoglobulin heavy and light chain isotypes in multiple myeloma patients
Nadeem A Ansari1, M Owais, Usha
1Dept of Biochemistry, J N Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, India. anadeem1@rediffmail.com
Abstract:
The frequency of expression of immunoglobulin (Ig) light and heavy chain isotypes was analyzed in myeloma proteins (M-proteins) from sera of 40 Indian patients with clinically established multiple myeloma. Patients samples were screened by a combination of electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) and ELISA techniques in this study. We found that majority of the myeloma proteins (58%) were of the IgG isotype followed by IgA (24%) and biclonal gammopathy associated with IgG and IgA (5%). Both kappa and lambda light chains were associated with the heavy chain isotypes. We recommend the triangular combination for detection of M-proteins and biclonal gammopathy of cancerous plasma cells as biomarkers for diagnosis of myeloma.
Related Concept Videos
Hybridoma Technology
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Antibody Structure and Classes
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
