Endovascular stent placement in patients with hepatic artery stenoses or thromboses after liver transplant

Hepatic artery stenosis or thrombosis following liver transplant is a potentially life-threatening complication. Successful liver transplant depends on uncompromised hepatic arterial inflow. Early diagnosis and treatment of complications prolong graft survival. Interventional radiologic techniques are frequently used to treat hepatic artery complications. Twenty patients with hepatic artery stenoses (n = 11) or thromboses (n = 9) were included in this study. Eighteen of the 20 patients were successfully treated by stent placement. In 9 patients, early endovascular interventions were performed 1 to 7 days after surgery. Two patients were operated owing to the effects of dissection and bleeding from the hepatic artery. Repeat endovascular interventions were performed 10 times in 6 patients. Follow-up ranged from 5 months to 4.5 years. Nine patients with patent hepatic arteries died during follow-up owing to reasons unrelated to the hepatic artery interventions. In 3 patients, the stents became occluded at 3, 5, and 9 months after surgery but no clinical symptoms were present.