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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Manufacturing of Three-dimensionally Microstructured Nanocomposites through Microfluidic Infiltration

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Published on: March 12, 2014

Laser-generated elastic waves in carbon-epoxy composite.

C Corbel¹, F Guillois, D Royer

¹Lab. Ondes et Acoustique, Paris 7 Univ.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

|January 1, 1993

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Laser-generated ultrasound enables non-destructive testing of composite materials. This technique accurately measures wave velocities, revealing material anisotropy for enhanced inspection.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Non-Destructive Testing
Acoustics

Background:

Composite materials require advanced inspection methods.
Laser-generated ultrasound offers a contactless approach.
Understanding elastic wave propagation is crucial for material characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

To apply laser-generated ultrasound for composite material inspection.
To analyze transient elastic wave propagation in carbon/epoxy composites.
To compare experimental wave velocities with theoretical models.

Main Methods:

Thermoelastic generation of transient elastic waves using lasers (dye, Nd:YAG).
Detection of waves using piezoelectric transducers and optical heterodyne interferometry.
Analysis of wave propagation in unidirectional and cross-ply carbon/epoxy composites.

Main Results:

Clear identification of quasi-longitudinal, quasi-shear, shear bulk, and head waves.
Experimental wavefront arrival times correlate with energy velocities, not phase velocities.
Significant anisotropy observed in wave arrival amplitudes.

Conclusions:

Laser-generated ultrasound is effective for characterizing composite materials.
The study validates energy velocity as a key parameter for wave arrival times.
Anisotropy in wave propagation is a significant factor in composite behavior.