Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

ATP Energy Storage and Release01:31

ATP Energy Storage and Release

ATP is a highly unstable molecule. Unless quickly used to perform work, ATP spontaneously dissociates into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), and the free energy released during this process is lost as heat. The energy released by ATP hydrolysis is used to perform work inside the cell and depends on a strategy called energy coupling. Cells couple the exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis with endergonic reactions, allowing them to proceed.
One example of energy coupling using ATP involves a...
ATP Energy Storage and Release01:31

ATP Energy Storage and Release

ATP is a highly unstable molecule. Unless quickly used to perform work, ATP spontaneously dissociates into ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), and the free energy released during this process is lost as heat. The energy released by ATP hydrolysis is used to perform work inside the cell and depends on a strategy called energy coupling. Cells couple the exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis with endergonic reactions, allowing them to proceed.
One example of energy coupling using ATP involves a...
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
Hydrolysis of ATP01:08

Hydrolysis of ATP

The bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can be broken through the addition of water, releasing one or two phosphate groups in an exergonic process called hydrolysis. This reaction liberates the energy in the bonds for use in the cell—for instance, to synthesize proteins from amino acids.
If one phosphate group is removed, a molecule of ADP—adenosine diphosphate—remains, along with inorganic phosphate. ADP can be further hydrolyzed to AMP—adenosine monophosphate—by the removal of a second...
Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction01:25

Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction

Skeletal muscle fibers have the unique ability to switch between rest and contraction states, using different sources of ATP for energy. The contraction cycle and Ca2+ transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum for relaxation require significant ATP. However, the ATP reserves in muscle fibers are limited and can only sustain contractions for a few seconds. Additional ATP production becomes necessary for prolonged contractions. As a result, muscle fibers generate ATP through various sources,...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Wheat germ agglutinin staining as a suitable method for detection and quantification of fibrosis in cardiac tissue after myocardial infarction.

European journal of histochemistry : EJH·2015
Same author

A minimally invasive approach for efficient gene delivery to rodent hearts.

Gene therapy·2004
Same author

Effects of nitric oxide donors on cardiac contractility in wild-type and myoglobin-deficient mice.

British journal of pharmacology·2002
Same author

Unaltered radial maze performance and brain acetylcholine of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mouse.

Neuroscience·2001
Same author

Protein kinase A- and C-dependent modulation of murine inducible nitric oxide synthase.

The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine·2001
Same author

Defective hippocampal mossy fiber long-term potentiation in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice.

Synapse (New York, N.Y.)·2001

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
11:29

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

Published on: July 20, 2016

cAMP: fuel for extracellular adenosine formation?

A Gödecke1

  • 1Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. axel.goedecke@uni-duesseldorf.de

British Journal of Pharmacology
|February 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The study reveals an extracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) to adenosine cascade in skeletal muscle. This pathway links muscle contraction, cAMP release, and exercise-induced vasodilation (hyperemia).

More Related Videos

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis
08:22

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis

Published on: October 27, 2020

Real-Time cAMP Dynamics in Live Cells Using the Fluorescent cAMP Difference Detector In Situ
06:03

Real-Time cAMP Dynamics in Live Cells Using the Fluorescent cAMP Difference Detector In Situ

Published on: March 22, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
11:29

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

Published on: July 20, 2016

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis
08:22

Measurement of 3-Dimensional cAMP Distributions in Living Cells using 4-Dimensional (x, y, z, and λ) Hyperspectral FRET Imaging and Analysis

Published on: October 27, 2020

Real-Time cAMP Dynamics in Live Cells Using the Fluorescent cAMP Difference Detector In Situ
06:03

Real-Time cAMP Dynamics in Live Cells Using the Fluorescent cAMP Difference Detector In Situ

Published on: March 22, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a crucial intracellular second messenger released upon adenylate cyclase activation.
  • Extracellular cAMP can be converted to adenosine by cell-surface enzymes like phosphodiesterase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase.
  • Adenosine, acting on P1 receptors, can mediate paracrine and autocrine signaling.

Discussion:

  • Chiavegatti et al. demonstrate an extracellular cAMP-adenosine cascade specifically within skeletal muscle cells.
  • This cascade suggests a novel mechanism connecting adrenergic stimulation of muscle contraction to elevated cAMP levels and subsequent adenosine production.
  • The findings imply a role for this pathway in regulating exercise-induced hyperemia.

Key Insights:

  • Identification of an extracellular cAMP-adenosine signaling pathway in skeletal muscle.
  • Demonstration of a link between adrenergic-stimulated contraction, cAMP release, and adenosine formation.
  • Potential mechanism for exercise hyperaemia involving extracellular signaling.

Outlook:

  • Further investigation into the precise roles of P1 receptors in skeletal muscle physiology.
  • Exploring therapeutic potential of modulating this cascade for conditions involving impaired exercise capacity or blood flow.
  • Understanding the spatial and temporal regulation of this extracellular signaling pathway during exercise.