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Published on: August 31, 2014
The role of host genetics in the susceptibility for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Andrew J Levine1, Elyse J Singer, Paul Shapshak
1National Neurological AIDS Bank, Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles - David Geffen School of Medicine, 11645 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 770, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA. ajlevine@mednet.ucla.edu
Abstract:
Despite progress in the treatment of the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there continues to be a high prevalence of infected individuals who develop neurocognitive deficits and disorders. Our understanding of the potential cause of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continues to develop on many fronts. Among them is the study of host genetics. Here, we review the most current information regarding the association between host genetics and risk for HIV infection, AIDS, and HAND. We focus on the role of dopamine dysfunction in the etiology of HAND, and propose a number of genetic polymorphisms within genes related to dopaminergic functioning and other neurobiological factors that may confer vulnerability or protection against HAND.
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