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Immunoprecipitation

Immunoprecipitation

Immunoprecipitation, or IP, is a widely used technique that employs protein-antibody interactions to isolate proteins or protein complexes in their native state for studying protein-protein interactions, quaternary structures, or supramolecular complexes. Various modifications of the technique, including chromatin IP, cross-linking IP, and fluorescence IP, are commonly used.
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Chromatin immunoprecipitation, also known as ChIP, is used to study protein-DNA or...

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation- ChIP

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation- ChIP

Chromatin immunoprecipitation, or ChIP, is an antibody-based technique used to identify sites on DNA that bind to transcription factors of interest or histone proteins. It also helps determine the type of histone modifications such as acetylation, phosphorylation, or methylation.
Types of ChIP
ChIP can be divided into two types - X-ChIP and N-ChIP. X-ChIP involves in vivo cross-linking of histones and regulatory proteins to DNA, fragmenting the DNA by sonication, and isolating the protein-DNA...

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.

Types of Coprecipitation

Types of Coprecipitation

Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes. In colloidal precipitates, coprecipitation occurs via surface adsorption. For instance, barium sulfate has a primary layer of adsorbed barium ions and a secondary layer of nitrate counterions. This results in contamination of the precipitate by barium nitrate.
Sometimes, ions in a crystal lattice can undergo isomorphous replacement by inclusions of similar charge and size. For...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Immunoprecipitation with an Anti-Epitope Tag Affinity Gel to Study Protein-Protein Interactions

Immunoprecipitation with an Anti-Epitope Tag Affinity Gel to Study Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: January 5, 2024

Immunoprecipitation.

J S Bonifacino¹, E C Dell'Angelica, T A Springer

¹National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Current Protocols in Molecular Biology

|February 12, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Immunoprecipitation isolates antigens using specific antibodies and a matrix. This technique analyzes protein fractions from various cell sources and lysis methods, detailed with clear flowcharts for optimal application.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Immunology

Background:

Immunoprecipitation (IP) is a key biochemical technique.
It isolates specific antigens using antibody-matrix binding.
IP aids in analyzing protein fractions from other separation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of immunoprecipitation techniques.
To explain antigen sources for IP, including labeled and unlabeled cells or in vitro-translated proteins.
To detail various cell lysis methods for immunoprecipitation.

Main Methods:

Describes suspension and adherent cell lysis (detergent, glass beads).
Explains antigen isolation via antibody-specific binding to a matrix.
Covers analysis of protein fractions using immunoprecipitation.

Main Results:

Presents a wide range of immunoprecipitation protocols.
Offers clear flowcharts and figures for user guidance.
Facilitates understanding of immunoprecipitation technology options.

Conclusions:

Immunoprecipitation is a versatile technique for antigen isolation and protein analysis.
The described methods cover diverse biological samples and lysis conditions.
This unit serves as a practical guide to employing immunoprecipitation technology effectively.