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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.

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Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete
09:45

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete

Published on: January 24, 2025

Congenital syphilis re-emerging.

Ian Simms1, Nathalie Broutet

  • 1Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, United Kingdom.

Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG
|February 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital syphilis, a preventable infection in newborns, affects 50% of pregnancies in infected mothers worldwide. Early antenatal screening and treatment are crucial for preventing fetal death and lifelong health issues.

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Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete
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13:55

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Published on: January 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Syphilis affects 12 million globally each year, with 2 million pregnant women.
  • Congenital syphilis results in significant fetal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.
  • The World Health Organization is implementing control strategies, particularly in developing nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the preventable nature of congenital syphilis through antenatal screening and treatment.
  • To discuss the impact of the evolving European syphilis epidemic on reproductive-aged women and congenital syphilis cases.
  • To identify failures in prenatal care and syphilis control programs contributing to congenital syphilis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of global syphilis infection rates in pregnant women.
  • Analysis of congenital syphilis incidence in the context of European epidemic trends.
  • Assessment of healthcare system costs associated with congenital syphilis cases.

Main Results:

  • An estimated 50% of pregnancies in infected women result in adverse outcomes, including fetal death or congenital syphilis.
  • Increased incidence of syphilis in reproductive-aged women in Europe has led to more congenital syphilis cases.
  • Congenital syphilis cases represent a significant financial burden on healthcare systems.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital syphilis is a preventable condition with effective antenatal screening and treatment protocols.
  • The rise in congenital syphilis cases indicates systemic failures in prenatal care and public health syphilis control programs.
  • Urgent improvements in healthcare delivery systems are necessary to combat congenital syphilis effectively.