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Related Concept Videos

Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Fabrication and Characterization of Thickness Mode Piezoelectric Devices for Atomization and Acoustofluidics
10:39

Fabrication and Characterization of Thickness Mode Piezoelectric Devices for Atomization and Acoustofluidics

Published on: August 5, 2020

Modeling 1-3 composite piezoelectrics: thickness-mode oscillations.

W A Smith1, B A Auld

  • 1North American Philips Corp., New York, NY.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

A new physical model for 1-3 composite piezoelectrics shows they can enhance electromechanical coupling for medical ultrasonic imaging. Material properties require tradeoffs, particularly between acoustic impedance and coupling, for optimal transducer performance.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Fabrication and Characterization of Thickness Mode Piezoelectric Devices for Atomization and Acoustofluidics
10:39

Fabrication and Characterization of Thickness Mode Piezoelectric Devices for Atomization and Acoustofluidics

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Investigating the Potential of Singly Curved Thin Piezoelectric Transducers for Energy Harvesting and Structural Health Monitoring
07:02

Investigating the Potential of Singly Curved Thin Piezoelectric Transducers for Energy Harvesting and Structural Health Monitoring

Published on: November 14, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Acoustics
  • Piezoelectric Composites

Background:

  • 1-3 composite piezoelectrics are crucial for thickness-mode oscillations in devices like ultrasonic transducers.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the nuanced material properties relevant to these applications.
  • Understanding composite behavior is key to optimizing performance in medical imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advance a simple physical model for 1-3 composite piezoelectrics relevant to thickness-mode oscillations.
  • To derive expressions for composite material parameters based on constituent properties and volume fraction.
  • To explore the implications of these composites in medical ultrasonic imaging transducers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a physical model treating the composite as an effective homogeneous medium for fine spatial scales.
  • Derived expressions for material parameters (e.g., electromechanical coupling, acoustic impedance) as functions of constituent properties and volume fraction.
  • Applied the model to illustrate implications for medical ultrasonic imaging transducer design.

Main Results:

  • Most material properties interpolate between pure polymer and pure ceramic values.
  • Thickness-mode electromechanical coupling in composites can exceed that of the parent ceramic due to reduced lateral clamping.
  • A significant tradeoff exists between lower acoustic impedance and electromechanical coupling as piezoceramic volume fraction decreases.

Conclusions:

  • 1-3 composite piezoelectrics offer enhanced electromechanical coupling and lower acoustic impedance, making them suitable for medical ultrasonic imaging.
  • The developed model highlights that simultaneous optimization of all material properties is not possible, necessitating design tradeoffs.
  • Reduced piezoceramic content leads to lower acoustic impedance but also diminished electromechanical coupling, impacting transducer performance.