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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit01:17

Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit

Consider designing an oscillator circuit, a crucial component in various electronic devices and systems. The objective is to create an oscillator circuit with specific characteristics: a damped natural frequency of 4 kHz and a damping factor of 4 radians per second. To accomplish this, a parallel RLC circuit is employed, known for its ability to sustain oscillations at a resonant frequency. In this case, the damping factor is pivotal in achieving the desired performance.
Starting with a fixed...
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
Series Resonance01:17

Series Resonance

The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
Design Example01:23

Design Example

The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
15:25

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters

Published on: February 4, 2018

Coupled resonator distributed-element circuits for monolithic crystal filters.

K Nakamura1, H Shimizu

  • 1Fac. of Eng., Tohoku Univ., Sendai.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

A new coupled resonator circuit model improves physical understanding of monolithic crystal filters. This refined model aids in designing moderately wideband filters by offering better interpretability than traditional distributed-element circuits.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Circuit Theory
  • Filter Design

Background:

  • Distributed-element equivalent circuits offer filter analysis but lack physical interpretability.
  • Monolithic crystal filters require models suitable for understanding their behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive a more refined coupled resonator circuit for monolithic crystal filters.
  • To enhance the physical interpretation of filter behavior.
  • To facilitate the design of moderately wideband filters.

Main Methods:

  • Application of circuit transformations to the original distributed-element equivalent circuit.
  • Analysis of frequency dependences of circuit elements.
  • Introduction of approximations for equivalent circuits.

Main Results:

  • A refined coupled resonator circuit model was derived.
  • Frequency-dependent characteristics of circuit elements were discussed.
  • Approximate equivalent circuits were developed based on the analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The derived coupled resonator circuit provides better physical insight into monolithic crystal filter operation.
  • The approximate circuits enable the design of moderately wideband filters.