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Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the Jackson Heart Study

Sharon B Wyatt1, Ermeg L Akylbekova, Marion R Wofford

  • 1School of Nursing, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA. swyatt@son.umsmed.edu

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|February 13, 2008
PubMed

Insights

African Americans experience high hypertension prevalence but show improved awareness and treatment rates. Public health efforts are effective in enhancing blood pressure control in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • African Americans exhibit disproportionately high hypertension prevalence and lower blood pressure control rates in the U.S.
  • Understanding factors influencing hypertension outcomes in this demographic is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control (outcomes) in a large cohort of African Americans.
  • To identify demographic, lifestyle, comorbidity, and healthcare access factors associated with these outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 5249 adult participants in the Jackson Heart Study (ages 21-94).
  • Assessment of hypertension prevalence (62.9%), awareness (87.3%), treatment (83.2%), and control (66.4%).
  • Statistical analysis to determine associations with age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking, comorbidities, and healthcare access.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates were high in the study cohort.
  • Control declined with age and was higher in women than men.
  • Lower socioeconomic status, smoking (especially in men), and comorbidities (diabetes, CKD, CVD) were associated with hypertension outcomes.
  • Preventive care use positively correlated with awareness and treatment, particularly in men.

Conclusions:

  • Public health initiatives to boost hypertension awareness and treatment among African Americans appear effective.
  • The Jackson Heart Study demonstrates that improved blood pressure control is achievable in this high-risk population.
  • Further research and targeted interventions can build upon these findings to reduce hypertension disparities.

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