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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

Published on: August 15, 2013

DNA microarrays for identifying fishes.

M Kochzius¹, M Nölte, H Weber

¹Centre for Applied Gene Sensor Technology (CAG), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. kochzius@uni-bremen.de

Marine Biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)

|February 14, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying marine fish species is challenging. This study developed a DNA microarray using mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences to accurately identify 11 European fish species, offering a reliable alternative to traditional methods.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes

Published on: August 15, 2013

DNA-based Fish Species Identification Protocol

DNA-based Fish Species Identification Protocol

Published on: April 28, 2010

Global Gene Expression Analysis Using a Zebrafish Oligonucleotide Microarray Platform

Global Gene Expression Analysis Using a Zebrafish Oligonucleotide Microarray Platform

Published on: August 10, 2009

Area of Science:

Marine biology
Molecular identification
Genomics

Background:

Morphological identification of marine organisms, especially at different developmental stages, is often difficult.
DNA-based methods provide a powerful alternative or supplement to morphological identification.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a DNA microarray for identifying fish species from European seas.
To assess the potential of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences for species identification.

Main Methods:

Designed oligonucleotide probes based on 16S rDNA sequences from 27 fish species.
Tested probe specificity in silico against a background of over 1200 sequences from 380 species.
Validated probe performance using PCR-amplified 16S rDNA fragments from 11 commercially important fish species.

Main Results:

The DNA microarray successfully identified 11 fish species with high specificity.
True-positive hybridization signals were significantly stronger (at least one order of magnitude) than false-positive cross-hybridizations.
While cross-hybridization occurred in 27% of non-target tests, signals were consistently much weaker than true positives.

Conclusions:

Mitochondrial 16S rDNA is suitable for designing specific oligonucleotide probes for fish identification.
The developed DNA microarray is a reliable tool for differentiating fish species.
This forms a basis for creating a comprehensive "Fish Chip" for marine research and fisheries control.