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ACTH and cortisol responses to glucagon stimulation
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|September 1, 1976
Summary
Glucagon injections stimulate the adrenal glands to release ACTH and cortisol in healthy individuals. This study shows a 4 mg dose of glucagon is a potent stimulus for this hormonal response.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Glucagon is a hormone primarily known for regulating blood glucose levels.
- Its effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of intramuscular glucagon administration on adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol secretion in healthy subjects.
Main Methods:
- 15 healthy subjects received intramuscular injections of varying glucagon doses.
- Plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, and glucose were measured.
- Insulin levels and physiological symptoms were also monitored.
Main Results:
- A 4 mg intramuscular dose of glucagon significantly elevated plasma ACTH and cortisol levels 3 hours post-administration.
- Peak ACTH and cortisol responses were preceded by increased insulin, decreased blood glucose, nausea, and sweating.
- Initial glucagon administration caused a transient rise in blood glucose.
Conclusions:
- Intramuscular administration of 4 mg glucagon is a potent stimulus for ACTH and cortisol secretion in healthy individuals.
- The observed hormonal changes are associated with insulin release, blood glucose fluctuations, and common glucagon side effects.