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New bioactive biomaterials based on quaternized chitosan.

Rachid Belalia¹, Stéphane Grelier, Mohammed Benaissa

¹Université Bordeaux 1, INRA, CNRS, UMR 5103 US2B, 351 cours de la liberation, 33405 Talence, France.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

|February 15, 2008

Summary

Chemically modified chitosan, N, N, N-trimethylchitosan (TMC), enhanced antimicrobial properties. Hydroxypropylcellulose films with TMC showed total inhibition of Listeria and Salmonella, improving food safety potential.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Microbiology
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, possesses antimicrobial properties but requires modification for enhanced efficacy and solubility.
Chemical modification can improve chitosan's physicochemical properties and broaden its applications, particularly in food preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

To chemically modify chitosan into quaternary ammonium salts, specifically N, N, N-trimethylchitosan (TMC).
To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of TMC incorporated into hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) films against foodborne pathogens.
To assess the impact of TMC on the physicochemical properties of HPC films for food applications.

Main Methods:

Chitosan quaternization using alkyl iodide to synthesize TMC.

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(1)H NMR spectroscopy for TMC characterization and degree of quaternization determination.

Antibacterial assays of HPC-chitosan and HPC-TMC films against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria innocua.

Evaluation of moisture barrier and mechanical properties of the modified HPC films.

Main Results:

HPC films incorporating either chitosan or TMC demonstrated complete inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium on solid media.
The inhibitory effect against Listeria innocua in liquid media was significantly enhanced by the quaternization of chitosan to TMC.
The incorporation of chitosan and TMC altered the moisture barrier and mechanical characteristics of HPC films.

Conclusions:

Chemical modification of chitosan into TMC effectively enhances its antimicrobial activity.
HPC-TMC coatings show significant potential as active antimicrobial agents for food packaging applications.
The modification impacts film properties, necessitating further optimization for specific food applications.