[Ureteral carcinoma. The mute in urological pathology]

Although urine cytology plays an important role in the diagnosis of lower urinary tract neoplasias, it should be complemented with other diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract tumors.

We present one case of synchronic transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter and bladder papilary neoplasia and carcinoma in situ.

The persistent positivity of urine cytology in patients treated for lower urinary tract lesions without evidence of lesion in that level should raise the suspicion of upper urinary tract lesions.

Ureteral carcinoma is an aggressive neoplasia and early diagnosis may be beneficial and also have repercussions in the ipsilateral kidney function.