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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

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Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
08:43

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Published on: August 7, 2017

Errorless-based techniques can improve route finding in early Alzheimer's disease: a case study.

Véronique Provencher1, Nathalie Bier, Thérèse Audet

  • 1Research Center on Aging, Sherbrooke Geriatric University Institute, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. veronique.provencher@usherbrooke.ca

American Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease and Other Dementias
|February 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Errorless learning techniques improved navigation for a woman with dementia of Alzheimer type. This approach shows promise for enhancing independence in daily living for individuals with early-stage Alzheimer's disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Topographical disorientation is a common early symptom of dementia of Alzheimer type, impacting daily independence.
  • Errorless learning techniques are known to aid memory but their efficacy in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) for spatial learning is less understood.

Observation:

  • A case study involving a 77-year-old woman with early dementia of Alzheimer type investigated her navigational difficulties in a senior residence.
  • An ABA single-subject design with multiple baselines across three routes was employed, with errorless learning applied to two routes.

Findings:

  • Significant improvements in route learning were observed exclusively for the routes trained using errorless-based techniques.
  • The participant demonstrated enhanced topographical knowledge and navigation skills post-intervention.

Implications:

  • Errorless learning techniques represent a promising intervention strategy for improving spatial orientation and independence in individuals with early dementia of Alzheimer type.
  • This approach may help mitigate the impact of topographical disorientation on daily activities and social engagement in early AD.