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Related Experiment Videos

Enteric glia.

M D Gershon1, T P Rothman

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.

Glia
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enteric glial cells in the enteric nervous system (ENS) differ structurally and functionally from Schwann cells. While both derive from neural crest cells, their lineages diverge late, suggesting distinct cell types within the peripheral nervous system.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The enteric nervous system (ENS) exhibits unique structural features compared to extraenteric peripheral nerves.
  • Enteric glial cells provide neuronal support within the ENS, differing from Schwann cells in their ensheathment and basal lamina formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinctions between enteric glia and non-myelinating Schwann cells.
  • To explore the developmental origins and potential interconversion of enteric glia and Schwann cells.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of glial cell structure and protein expression (S-100, glial fibrillary acidic protein).
  • Utilized monoclonal antibodies (Ran-1, SMP) to identify cell-specific antigens.
  • Investigated functional differences via gliotoxin response and in vitro proliferation assays.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examined developmental origins using mutant mouse models (ls/ls) and avian bowel transplantation experiments.

    • Main Results:

    • Enteric glia and Schwann cells exhibit distinct morphological and biochemical characteristics.
    • Specific antibodies differentiate Schwann cells from enteric glia, despite shared protein markers.
    • Functional assays reveal differences in gliotoxin sensitivity and proliferative capacity.
    • Developmental studies suggest enteric glia and Schwann cells originate from neural crest precursors, with potential for lineage divergence or interconversion.

    Conclusions:

    • Enteric glia and Schwann cells are distinct cell types with unique properties.
    • Their lineages, while both originating from the neural crest, diverge relatively late in development.
    • Enteric glia may also arise from Schwann cells that colonize the gut extrinsically.