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Related Concept Videos

Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
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Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
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Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

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Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction
07:33

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Published on: March 5, 2018

Pacifier-induced bowel obstruction-not so soothing.

Holly L Neville1, Jorge Huaco, Michael Vigoda

  • 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Holtz Childrens Hospital, Miami, FL 33136, USA. hneville@med.miami.edu

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|February 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Pacifier use is common in children, but parents may not know the risks. A case of bowel obstruction from an ingested pacifier nipple highlights the need for greater awareness and parent education.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Consumer Product Safety

Background:

  • Pacifiers are widely used by infants and young children in the United States.
  • Existing safety regulations for pacifiers may not fully address all potential parental awareness gaps regarding hazards.

Observation:

  • A case report details a complete bowel obstruction in a child attributed to an ingested pacifier nipple.
  • This incident underscores a specific, severe risk associated with pacifier use.

Findings:

  • Ingestion of pacifier components can lead to critical gastrointestinal complications, such as complete bowel obstruction.
  • Parental awareness of pacifier-related hazards appears to be insufficient.

Implications:

  • Healthcare practitioners should be educated on this potential hazard to better advise parents.
  • Enhanced public health education campaigns are recommended to inform parents about safe pacifier selection and maintenance.
  • Further research into pacifier design and safety standards may be warranted to prevent such incidents.