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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Effects of Chromatin Structure Modifiers on the trans-Acting Heterochromatin Position Effect in Drosophila melanogaster.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)
11:09

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)

Published on: March 25, 2012

Noncoding RNAs and chromatin structure.

S A Lavrov1, M V Kibanov

  • 1Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, pl. Kurchatova 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia. slavrov@img.ras.ru

Biochemistry. Biokhimiia
|February 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Noncoding RNAs guide chromatin modifications for gene regulation. These RNA-guided processes, including X-chromosome inactivation and gene silencing, involve targeting protein complexes to specific DNA sites.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Noncoding RNAs are increasingly recognized for their roles in regulating gene expression.
  • Chromatin modifications are crucial for controlling gene accessibility and transcription.
  • Eukaryotic gene regulation involves complex interactions between RNA molecules and chromatin structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze key examples of noncoding RNA-mediated chromatin modifications in eukaryotes.
  • To identify common principles governing RNA-directed epigenetic regulation.
  • To highlight the role of RNA in targeting chromatin-modifying complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of key studies on RNA-guided chromatin modifications.
  • Comparative analysis of four distinct eukaryotic systems: Xist RNA in mammals, roX RNA in Drosophila, siRNA in fission yeast, and RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM) in plants.

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RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method
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RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method

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CARIP-Seq and ChIP-Seq: Methods to Identify Chromatin-Associated RNAs and Protein-DNA Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells
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CARIP-Seq and ChIP-Seq: Methods to Identify Chromatin-Associated RNAs and Protein-DNA Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)
11:09

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP)

Published on: March 25, 2012

RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method
11:01

RNA-Associated Chromatin DNA-DNA Interaction Method

Published on: April 30, 2026

CARIP-Seq and ChIP-Seq: Methods to Identify Chromatin-Associated RNAs and Protein-DNA Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells
11:13

CARIP-Seq and ChIP-Seq: Methods to Identify Chromatin-Associated RNAs and Protein-DNA Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: May 25, 2018

  • Examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying RNA-mediated targeting and chromatin alteration.

    • Main Results:

    • Xist RNA mediates X-chromosome inactivation in mammals for dosage compensation.
    • roX RNA mediates X-chromosome hyperactivation in Drosophila for dosage compensation.
    • Small interfering RNA (siRNA) induces heterochromatin formation in fission yeast.
    • RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM) regulates gene transcription in plants, exemplified by FWA gene regulation in Arabidopsis.
    • Common features include RNA's role in guiding protein complexes and establishing self-sustaining chromatin states.

    Conclusions:

    • Noncoding RNAs play pivotal roles in diverse epigenetic regulatory pathways across eukaryotes.
    • RNA molecules act as guides, recruiting protein machinery to specific genomic loci.
    • These RNA-guided processes establish stable chromatin conformations, impacting gene expression for essential biological functions like dosage compensation and gene silencing.