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Related Concept Videos

Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Standards of Care II01:19

Standards of Care II

Nurses bear specific legal responsibilities under several federal statutes, including:
Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

Nursing Ethical Principles II

Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
Obedience01:08

Obedience

According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation, obedience...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Setup and Execution of the Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice Death Notification Curriculum
04:36

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Published on: August 5, 2020

The surrogate's experience in authorizing a do not resuscitate order.

Catherine M Handy1, Daniel P Sulmasy, Cindy K Merkel

  • 1St. Vincents Catholic Medical Centers, New York, New York, USA.

Palliative & Supportive Care
|February 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Authorizing a do not resuscitate (DNR) order is an emotional process for surrogates. Clear communication and patient

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Ethics
  • Palliative Care
  • Qualitative Research

Background:

  • Surrogate decision-making for Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders is complex.
  • Understanding the surrogate's subjective experience is crucial, especially in states requiring written consent.
  • Little is known about the emotional impact on surrogates authorizing DNR orders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the subjective and emotional experience of surrogates authorizing DNR orders.
  • To explore the factors influencing this decision-making process.
  • To identify challenges and support needs for surrogates.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative, phenomenological research design.
  • Open-ended interviews with surrogates 1-7 days after authorizing a DNR order.
  • Thematic analysis of transcribed interviews to identify key themes.

Main Results:

  • DNR order authorization is a process, not a single event.
  • Quality communication and support from healthcare staff significantly impact the surrogate experience.
  • Surrogates experience negative emotions like guilt, ambivalence, and conflict.
  • Prior patient discussions, living wills, and family consensus ease the process.
  • Surrogates perceived DNR orders as necessary for adequate pain relief.

Conclusions:

  • Authorizing a DNR order is a complex, emotional decision.
  • Patient's prior wishes and healthcare support facilitate the process.
  • Surrogates' belief that DNR orders enable pain relief is concerning.