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Dispersion in stellar interferometry: simultaneous optimization for delay tracking and visibility measurements.

J Davis, W J Tango, E D Thorvaldson

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    Accurate optical path equality is crucial for stellar interferometry. This study presents a modified dispersion corrector to achieve zero optical path difference and maintain linearly spaced fringes for precise fringe visibility measurements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy
    • Optical Physics

    Background:

    • Long-baseline optical stellar interferometry requires precise optical path equality for fringe visibility measurements.
    • Path-matching errors in interferometers necessitate automatic monitoring and correction systems.
    • Existing delay trackers using channeled spectra may yield constant optical path differences incompatible with visibility measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a method for achieving zero optical path difference at the measurement wavelength.
    • To ensure linearly spaced channel fringes across the tracking band simultaneously.
    • To address complications from differential dispersion introduced by air paths in optical path-length compensators.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a delay tracker based on imaging the channeled spectrum.
    • Implementing a modified dispersion corrector.
    • Operating an optical path-length compensator in air.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the possibility of achieving zero optical path difference at the measurement wavelength.
    • Showcased the generation of linearly spaced channel fringes across the tracking band.
    • Successfully compensated for differential dispersion introduced by air paths.

    Conclusions:

    • A modified dispersion corrector can simultaneously achieve zero optical path difference and linearly spaced fringes.
    • This approach enhances the accuracy of fringe visibility measurements in long-baseline optical stellar interferometry.
    • The method effectively mitigates errors caused by differential dispersion in air-based compensators.