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Published on: October 11, 2018
Sleep difficulties in infants at risk for developmental delays: a longitudinal study
Anat Scher1, Lillian Tse, Virginia E Hayes
1Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. anats@construct.haifa.ac.il
Insights
Infant sleep patterns were similar across risk groups for neuromotor delays. Neuromotor development did not predict sleep problems in infants, suggesting distinct developmental pathways.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Sleep Medicine
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Infants at risk for neuromotor delays may experience sleep disturbances.
- Understanding the relationship between neuromotor development and sleep is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare sleep patterns in infants with and without neuromotor delay risks.
- To assess if neuromotor risk indicators predict sleep problems in infancy.
Main Methods:
- 142 infants were assessed at 4-6 and 10-12 months using neuromotor and sleep questionnaires.
- Infants were categorized into higher risk, lower risk, and no risk groups based on a cumulative risk index.
- The Harris Infant Neuromotor Test and Morrell's Infant Sleep Questionnaire were utilized.
Main Results:
- Sleep scores were comparable across all risk groups at both assessment ages.
- Sleep difficulties decreased with age in lower-risk infants but increased in higher-risk infants.
- Neuromotor attainments did not correlate with sleep fragmentation or settling issues.
Conclusions:
- Infant sleep patterns are generally similar regardless of neuromotor delay risk.
- Caregiver-reported sleep-wake regulation in infants appears independent of neuromotor achievements.
Objectives:
We compared the sleep of infants at risk for neuromotor delays to that of infants without such risks, and examined the predictive validity of risk indicators to the development of sleep problems.
Methods:
Conveniently recruited infants (n = 142) were assessed for neuromotor achievements and sleep behaviors at 4-6 months and 10-12 months of age. Assessment tools were the Harris Infant Neuromotor Test and Morrell's Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Based on a cumulative risk index, three groups were defined: higher risk (n = 28), lower risk (n = 42), and no risk (n = 72).
Results:
At both ages, the sleep scores were similar among the groups. In the no risk and lower risk group, sleep difficulties decreased with age, while for infants in the higher risk group, more difficulties were reported over time. Overall, the neuromotor attainments were not related to sleep fragmentation or settling difficulties.
Conclusions:
In a diverse sample of infants, with and without risks for developmental delays, overall, sleep patterns were similar. It appears that the neuromotor achievements are not associated with sleep-wake regulation, as measured by caregivers' report.
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