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Microbiology and management of abdominal infections

Itzhak Brook1

  • 1Schools of Medicine, Georgetown University, 4431 Albemarle St NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA. ib6@georgetown.edu

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|February 22, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Intra-abdominal infections, including peritonitis and abscesses, arise from gut bacteria entering the abdominal cavity. Effective management requires surgical intervention, drainage, and targeted antimicrobial therapy for both aerobic and anaerobic pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Infections
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common and serious clinical conditions.
  • These infections encompass secondary peritonitis, abdominal abscesses, and cholangitis.
  • IAIs typically result from the translocation of enteric microorganisms into the peritoneal cavity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the microbiology, diagnosis, and management of intra-abdominal infections.
  • To outline the common causative pathogens and their characteristics.
  • To describe current treatment strategies for IAIs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microbiology, diagnosis, and management of IAIs.
  • Identification of predominant aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates.
  • Summary of recommended therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Common aerobic isolates include Escherichia coli and enterococci.
  • Key anaerobic isolates are Bacteroides fragilis group, Peptostreptococcus spp., and Clostridium spp.
  • Mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora are characteristic of IAIs.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical correction and drainage of pus are crucial components of IAI management.
  • Antimicrobial therapy must target both aerobic and anaerobic pathogens effectively.
  • Comprehensive management involving surgical and antimicrobial interventions is essential for favorable outcomes.

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