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Related Experiment Videos

Niche dynamics in space and time.

Peter B Pearman1, Antoine Guisan, Olivier Broennimann

  • 1University of Lausanne, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Lausanne, Switzerland. pearman@wsl.ch

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|February 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Species niche conservatism, the stability of ecological niches over time, is crucial for predicting biodiversity changes. New methods combining species distribution models and phylogenetics help identify species with stable niches, improving climate change impact predictions.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Biogeography

Background:

  • Niche conservatism, the stability of species niches over time, is a common assumption in biogeographical studies.
  • Predicting niche dynamics over ecological timescales (tens to hundreds of years) has been challenging.
  • Species distribution models (SDMs) and phylogenetic methods are increasingly used to study niche dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess niche dynamics (shifts vs. conservatism) in species over recent evolutionary and ecological timescales.
  • To evaluate the utility of integrating SDMs and phylogenetic methods for understanding niche stability.
  • To identify species likely to exhibit niche conservatism, a key assumption for SDM predictions.

Main Methods:

  • Application of species distribution models (SDMs) to analyze niche characteristics.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilizing phylogenetic methods to infer historical niche dynamics.
  • Coordinated application of SDMs and phylogenetic analyses to assess niche stability over time.

    • Main Results:

    • Evidence for both niche shifts and niche conservatism within the last 100 years and across deep evolutionary time.
    • Demonstrated that integrated SDM and phylogenetic approaches provide insights into niche dynamics.
    • Identified that certain species exhibit stable niches, supporting a key SDM assumption.

    Conclusions:

    • The integration of SDMs and phylogenetic methods offers a robust framework for studying niche dynamics.
    • Identifying species with niche conservatism enhances the reliability of SDM predictions.
    • Improved predictions of climate change and species invasion impacts on biodiversity are achievable.