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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Identification of Multiple Phosphorylations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

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Sensitive and robust electrophoretic NMR: instrumentation and experiments.

Fredrik Hallberg¹, István Furó, Pavel V Yushmanov

¹Division of Physical Chemistry and Industrial NMR Centre, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 36, Plan 6, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)

|February 22, 2008

Summary

This study introduces a novel electrophoretic NMR (eNMR) sample cell design that overcomes previous limitations. The new cell enhances sensitivity and enables accurate measurement of electrophoretic mobility by mitigating bulk flow effects.

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Spectroscopy

Background:

Electrophoretic NMR (eNMR) has faced challenges limiting its application.
Bulk flow effects (electro-osmosis, thermal convection), bubble formation, and RF noise have reduced sensitivity and reproducibility.
U-tube geometries in eNMR limit sensitivity and obscure the sign of electrophoretic mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an improved electrophoretic NMR (eNMR) sample cell.
To enhance NMR sensitivity and overcome limitations of previous eNMR designs.
To enable accurate measurement of electrophoretic mobility by compensating for bulk flow effects.

Main Methods:

A new electrophoretic sample cell using a vertical NMR tube with palladium electrodes was designed.
A radiofrequency filter was implemented to prevent RF noise pickup.
A parallel reference signal from a non-charged species and a CPMG-like pulse train were used for bulk flow compensation.

Main Results:

The new cell design achieved a signal-to-noise ratio one order of magnitude higher than previous U-tube cells.
The design retains the sign of the displacement-related signal phase, crucial for mobility determination.
A method for compensating electro-osmotic and thermal convection bulk flow effects was successfully demonstrated.

Conclusions:

The developed electrophoretic NMR sample cell significantly improves sensitivity and overcomes major technical hurdles.
This advancement facilitates more accurate and reliable measurements of electrophoretic mobility.
The compensation strategy offers a robust solution for mitigating bulk flow interferences in eNMR experiments.