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[Macroprolactinemia identification in patients with hyperprolactinemia].

Carolina Sandoval1, Baldomero González, Sonia Cheng

  • 1Servicio de endocrinologia, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Endocrinologia Experimental, México.

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Summary

The polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation technique reliably detects macroprolactinemia, a condition involving a specific prolactin isoform. This method offers a practical alternative for identifying macroprolactinemia in clinical settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Macroprolactinemia is hyperprolactinemia dominated by the big-big prolactin isoform.
  • Its prevalence is uncertain due to technical challenges in detection.
  • Current methods like gel filtration chromatography are complex and costly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Validate the polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation technique for macroprolactinemia detection.
  • Identify macroprolactinemia presence and correlate with clinical features.
  • Assess PEG precipitation in patients with elevated serum prolactin (PRL) levels.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 14 patients with elevated serum PRL levels.
  • Used commercial chemiluminescence immunoassays for prolactin determination.
  • Applied PEG precipitation by mixing serum with PEG, followed by centrifugation and supernatant prolactin measurement.

Main Results:

  • Macroprolactinemia was ruled out in patients 7-14.
  • Confirmed hyperprolactinemia in some patients, including slight, mild, and non-tumoral forms.
  • Identified cases related to prolactin-producing pituitary macroadenomas.

Conclusions:

  • The polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation technique is a reliable method for detecting macroprolactinemia.
  • This technique provides a practical approach for clinical use.