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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula01:29

Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula

Oxygen therapy is critical to patient care, especially for those struggling with respiratory issues. This intervention increases the oxygen concentration in the lungs, enhancing the amount of oxygen transported to the body's tissues. One standard method of delivering supplemental oxygen is through a nasal cannula, a non-invasive device that provides low to medium oxygen concentrations.
Nasal Cannulas
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split into two prongs placed in the nostrils, connected...
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Protocol to Set Up Needle-Free Connector with Positive Displacement on Central Venous Catheter in Intensive Care Unit
09:57

A Protocol to Set Up Needle-Free Connector with Positive Displacement on Central Venous Catheter in Intensive Care Unit

Published on: July 13, 2019

Cannulae and cell saver design: do they make a difference?

David A Stump1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA. dstump@wfubmc.edu

The Journal of Extra-Corporeal Technology
|February 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Minimizing microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is vital for brain protection. Innovations in CPB components, like cannulas and cell savers, are key to reducing embolic load and improving patient outcomes.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroprotection

Background:

  • Minimizing microembolization during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is critical for preventing neurological injury.
  • Cardiotomy suction is a significant source of lipid microemboli within the CPB circuit.
  • The efficacy of cell savers in reducing embolic load and variations among devices require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of cell savers in reducing lipid microemboli.
  • To assess the potential for aortic cannula design to redirect emboli away from the brain.
  • To determine if venous cannulae contribute to microgaseous emboli formation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CPB circuit components, focusing on cardiotomy suction and cell saver technology.
  • Investigation of aortic cannula design and positioning strategies for embolic diversion.
  • Examination of venous cannula function and potential for gaseous microemboli generation.

Main Results:

  • Cell savers' capability to reduce lipid embolic load varies, necessitating further study on device efficiency.
  • Aortic cannula design and positioning can effectively divert microemboli from cerebral circulation.
  • Venous cannulae can be a source of gaseous microemboli, preventable with careful management.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing CPB components, including cell savers and cannulas, is essential for reducing microemboli and protecting the brain.
  • Strategic design and placement of aortic cannulae can mitigate neurological risk.
  • Adherence to careful practices minimizes gaseous microemboli from venous lines during CPB.