Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2026
09:10
Murine Salivary Functional Assessment via Pilocarpine Stimulation Following Fractionated Radiation
Published on: May 4, 2018
Changes in salivary composition in patients with renal failure
I Tomás1, J S Marinho, J Limeres
1Special Needs Dentistry Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Spain.
Archives of Oral Biology
|February 26, 2008
Summary
Saliva analysis in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients reveals altered biochemical markers, including higher creatinine and urea levels, varying with disease stage. These salivary changes in CRF patients require further investigation regarding oral health implications.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
- Oral Medicine
Background:
- Limited research exists on salivary alterations in chronic renal failure (CRF).
- Understanding salivary changes in CRF is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate salivary flow, pH, and biochemical composition in patients with moderate-severe CRF (M-S CRF) and terminal renal failure (TRF).
- To compare salivary parameters between CRF patients and a healthy control group.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of salivary pH and biochemical composition in 50 CRF patients (22 M-S CRF, 28 TRF) undergoing hemodialysis.
- Comparison with a control group of 64 individuals.
Main Results:
- Salivary concentrations of creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, chloride, and alpha-amylase were elevated in CRF patients compared to controls.
- Calcium levels were lower in CRF patients.
- Higher creatinine, urea, and potassium were observed in M-S CRF patients versus TRF patients.
- Salivary pH was significantly higher in CRF patients.
Conclusions:
- Salivary composition is significantly altered in CRF patients and is dependent on the stage of renal failure.
- The precise impact of these salivary biochemical changes on oral health remains to be fully elucidated.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests
Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
01:23Salivary Glands and Saliva
The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...
01:29Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance
Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...