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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
07:02

An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System

Published on: January 12, 2011

Neurologic injuries in hockey.

Richard A Wennberg1, Howard B Cohen, Stephanie R Walker

  • 1Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, 399 Bathurst Street, 5W444, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8. r.wennberg@utoronto.ca <r.wennberg@utoronto.ca>

Neurologic Clinics
|February 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Ice hockey carries risks for neurologic injuries, including a significant danger of concussion and a rare but severe risk of cervical spinal cord injury.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Ice hockey is a high-speed contact sport with inherent risks.
  • Neurologic injuries are a significant concern in hockey players.
  • Previous literature highlights various injury patterns in the sport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize neurologic injuries in ice hockey.
  • To identify the most critical neurologic risks based on scientific literature.
  • To provide an overview of head and spinal cord trauma in the sport.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of reported neurologic injuries in ice hockey.
  • Analysis of injury data from scientific publications.
  • Synthesis of findings on concussion and spinal cord injuries.

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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
07:02

An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System

Published on: January 12, 2011

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
10:31

A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion

Published on: September 25, 2014

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
09:49

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

Main Results:

  • Concussions are highly prevalent among ice hockey players.
  • Catastrophic cervical spinal cord injuries, though rare, represent a serious risk.
  • Neurologic trauma is a key concern in the sport.

Conclusions:

  • Concussions and cervical spinal cord injuries are the primary neurologic concerns in ice hockey.
  • Awareness and prevention strategies for these injuries are crucial.
  • Further research may inform better protective measures and protocols.