A novel method of imaging calcium urolithiasis using fluorescence

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Medical Imaging
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Surgical management of urolithiasis aims for complete stone removal and prevention of recurrence.
• Endoscopic procedures face challenges in visualizing small calculi, hindering stone-free outcomes.
• Novel methods are needed to enhance stone detection during urological interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate fluorescence probes as a novel method for identifying urinary tract calculi.
• To assess the efficacy of Osteosense 680 and Osteosense 750 probes in detecting various stone compositions.
• To determine the potential of fluorescence imaging in improving surgical management of urolithiasis.

Main Methods:

• In vitro incubation of calcium stones with Osteosense 680 and Osteosense 750 probes.
• Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of stones in vitro.
• In vivo studies using a mouse model with calculi in the renal pelvis, followed by intravenous probe injection and imaging.

Main Results:

• Osteosense 680 showed high binding affinity for calcium oxalate-struvite, calcium phosphate-struvite, and ammonium urate-calcium oxalate-calcium phosphate stones.
• Osteosense 750 demonstrated high binding affinity for calcium oxalate-struvite and calcium phosphate-struvite stones.
• In vivo, both probes successfully labeled all tested calcium stone types after intravenous administration.

Conclusions:

• Fluorescence imaging offers a promising new approach for identifying urinary tract calculi.
• Enhanced visualization of stones and fragments can simplify endoscopic procedures.
• This technique may reduce complications and increase the likelihood of achieving a stone-free status for patients.