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Human lipoprotein(a) quantified by 'capture' ELISA.

K Doetsch¹, P S Roheim, J J Thompson

¹Laboratory Medical Sciences, Inc., Wharton, TX 77488.

Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science

|May 1, 1991

Summary

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a key genetic risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. A new ELISA assay accurately measures Lp(a) levels, crucial for predicting cardiovascular risk in diverse populations.

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Subpopulations of high density lipoproteins in homozygous and heterozygous Tangier disease.

Atherosclerosis·2001

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Clinical Chemistry
Immunology

Background:

Plasma lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a significant genetically determined risk factor for early atherosclerosis (AS) and coronary artery disease (CAD).
Accurate measurement of Lp(a) is vital for predicting cardiovascular events, especially in specific subpopulations.
Existing methods may have limitations in specificity or interference.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantifying human plasma Lp(a).
To assess the interference of common substances like LDL, plasminogen, lipids, hemoglobin, and bilirubin on the assay.
To establish reference ranges and evaluate Lp(a) distribution in different demographic groups.

Main Methods:

A 'capture' ELISA utilizing immobilized polyclonal rabbit anti-Lp(a) antibody.
Detection with a monoclonal murine antibody recognizing Lp(a), followed by alkaline phosphatase-conjugated secondary antibody.
Colorimetric detection using para-nitrophenyl phosphate substrate, with quantitation against a clinical standard.

Main Results:

The developed ELISA is sensitive and specific, with no interference from LDL, plasminogen, lipids, hemoglobin, or bilirubin.
Plasma Lp(a) distribution in healthy Caucasians is skewed, with a median of 80 mg/L.
Elevated Lp(a) levels (>300 mg/L) are associated with increased relative risk for early myocardial infarction (MI), affecting approximately 20% of Caucasians.

Conclusions:

The described ELISA provides a reliable method for measuring plasma Lp(a).
Higher Lp(a) levels significantly increase the risk of early myocardial infarction.
Distinct Lp(a) distributions in Black populations and Caucasian type II diabetics necessitate race-specific interpretation and further research.

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