Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Malaria

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

Microbial activity plays a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, especially at the redox gradients characteristic of stratified aquatic environments. These cycles are driven by microbial transformations between oxidized and reduced forms of the metals, allowing organisms to exploit them for metabolic energy and structural purposes.Iron Cycling Across Redox GradientsIn neutral, oxygen-rich surface waters, iron is predominantly found in its oxidized, insoluble ferric...

Antiprotozoal Agents

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...

The Electron Transport Chain

The Electron Transport Chain

The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q in...

Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

Pharmacogenetics of Phase II Enzymes: N-acetyltransferase, Thiopurine S-methyltransferase, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase

Phase II biotransformation reactions are essential for detoxifying and eliminating xenobiotics, including many pharmaceutical compounds. These reactions typically involve conjugation, the covalent attachment of polar endogenous groups such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, methyl, or acetyl moieties to functional groups introduced during Phase I metabolism. The resulting conjugates are more water-soluble, enabling efficient renal or biliary excretion.The major classes of Phase II enzymes include...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Gestational weight gain and maternal immediate perinatal and postpartum outcomes in low and middle income countries: individual participant data meta-analyses.

BMJ medicine·2026

Same author

Inequities in contraceptive use among adults in Lebanon: a national study.

Journal of global health·2026

Same author

Comment on 'Asian Reference Values for Handgrip Strength, Gait Speed, Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test, Muscle Mass and Calf Circumference' by Grgic et al.-The Authors' Reply.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle·2026

Same author

DNA methylation marks associated with body composition in children from India and the Gambia: findings from the EMPHASIS study.

Clinical epigenetics·2026

Same author

Maternal Nutritional Status and Breastmilk Composition.

Annals of nutrition & metabolism·2026

Same author

Human Milk Bioactives in Breastfeeding: Understanding the Complex Biology of Mother-Child Interactions.

Annals of nutrition & metabolism·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

Iron metabolism and malaria.

Andrew M Prentice¹, Hala Ghattas, Conor Doherty

¹MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London 1IE 7HT, United Kingdom. Andrew.prentice@lshtm.ac.uk

Food and Nutrition Bulletin

|February 27, 2008

Summary

Iron supplementation in children in malaria-prone regions may increase malaria incidence without prophylaxis. Targeted iron for anemia or use with malaria prevention is safer.

Area of Science:

Pediatric infectious diseases
Nutritional science
Immunology

Background:

Recent trials suggest universal iron administration in malaria-endemic areas correlates with adverse health outcomes in children.
Host-pathogen interactions involving iron metabolism are crucial in understanding this relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

To review ecologic and intervention studies on iron and malaria in children.
To analyze the biological mechanisms of iron metabolism in host-pathogen interactions.
To provide evidence-based recommendations for iron supplementation in malarious regions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of ecologic and intervention trials.
Analysis of existing data on host-pathogen interactions and iron metabolism.

More Related Videos

An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection

An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection

Published on: October 6, 2015

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection

An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection

Published on: October 6, 2015

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Synthesis of evidence regarding iron supplementation and malaria incidence.

Main Results:

The balance of evidence indicates that iron (often with folic acid) increases malaria incidence when given without prophylaxis or prompt treatment.
Detrimental effects of iron may be modulated by baseline iron status, hemoglobinopathies, G6PD deficiency, and host genetic factors like haptoglobin variants.
Malaria-induced anemia is primarily due to iron maldistribution and suppressed erythropoiesis, not gross iron deficiency.

Conclusions:

Universal iron supplementation in malarious areas should be coupled with prophylaxis (e.g., intermittent preventive therapy) or robust healthcare services for diagnosis and treatment.
Targeted iron supplementation for anemic children is a potential alternative approach.
Iron supplementation should be withheld during malaria treatment to avoid inhibiting efficacy and absorption.