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Related Concept Videos

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects its...
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA (thiogalactoside...
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors

The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda
06:10

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Published on: October 14, 2011

Host responses influence on the induction of lambda prophage.

Assaf Rokney1, Oren Kobiler, Amnon Amir

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. assafr@ekmd.huji.ac.il

Molecular Microbiology
|February 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteriophage lambda CI repressor inactivation triggers lytic development. Host stress responses influence this pathway, with CII activator function being eliminated to ensure efficient lysis, though heat and DNA damage induction pathways differ.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Bacteriophage lambda CI repressor inactivation typically results in lytic development.
  • Prophage induction can be triggered by DNA damage (activating host SOS response) or heat treatment (activating heat-shock response).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how host stress responses (SOS and heat-shock) influence bacteriophage lambda's lytic pathway following CI repressor inactivation.
  • To understand the role of the CII transcriptional activator in the lytic cascade under different induction conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring activation of different lambda promoters after induction via DNA damage or heat treatment.
  • Analyzing the effects of mutations in the cro gene and deletion of the ftsH gene on CII function.

Main Results:

  • The lambda genetic network coordinates information from host stress response networks.
  • CII transcriptional activator function, essential for lysogeny, is eliminated following both SOS and heat induction.
  • Mutations in the cro gene restore CII function regardless of induction method.
  • Deletion of ftsH restores CII function after heat induction but not SOS induction.

Conclusions:

  • Elimination of CII function is crucial for efficient lytic development in bacteriophage lambda.
  • Distinct differences exist between heat- and SOS-induced pathways leading to the lytic cascade, despite a common inhibitory effect on CII.