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Related Concept Videos

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes loosely...
Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those diagnosed.
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin studies.
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Published on: January 9, 2015

Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia.

Yong Liu1, Meng Liang, Yuan Zhou

  • 1National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|February 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia disrupts the brain's efficient small-world network properties, impacting information processing. These network alterations correlate with illness duration, offering insights into schizophrenia's pathophysiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Network Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The human brain exhibits efficient small-world network properties for information processing.
  • Schizophrenia is associated with dysfunctional connectivity, but its impact on network topology is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate topological properties of brain functional networks in schizophrenia using resting-state fMRI.
  • To determine if disrupted network topology underlies schizophrenia's pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI data from 31 schizophrenia patients and 31 healthy controls.
  • Functional connectivity estimated via partial correlation analysis for 90 brain regions.
  • Construction and analysis of undirected brain graphs to assess small-world properties.

Main Results:

  • Healthy subjects exhibit efficient small-world brain network properties.
  • Schizophrenia patients show disrupted small-world properties, particularly in prefrontal, parietal, and temporal lobes.
  • Altered topological measurements correlate with schizophrenia illness duration.

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia is characterized by altered brain functional network topology, supporting a hypothesis of dysfunctional integration.
  • These topological alterations may serve as biomarkers for understanding schizophrenia pathophysiology and severity.