In vivo behaviour of two different biphasic ceramic implanted in mandibular bone of dogs

Alloplastic calcium phosphate bone substitutes such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) have been studied extensively due to their composition closely resembling the inorganic phase of bone tissue. On the same way, by manipulating the HA/TCP ratio it may be possible to change the substitution rate and the bioactivity of these materials, an advantage which has brought them to clinical use in oral and orthopaedic surgery. In this work, we evaluated the histological response in bone of two biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics by varying the proportion of their components. All premolars of 6 beagle dogs were removed from both sides of the mandible. Three months later, four cylinders composed of 85% HA and 15% beta-TCP (BCP 1) were implanted in the right side of mandible and other four cylinders composed of 15% HA and 85% beta-TCP (BCP 2) were implanted in the left side of mandible of dogs for 4, 12 ad 26 weeks, respectively. Two dogs were used in each time point. The histological study indicated that both biphasic ceramic were biocompatible. The earlier and more quantity of bone formed in BCP 2 than in BCP 1 suggested that the first one had a higher osteoinductive potential than the second one in mandibular bone. The resorption of the phosphate phase and the subsequent migration of bone into the resorbed portions were detected in both biphasic ceramics although two processes appeared faster in BCP 2 than in BCP 1. These dates conclude that varying the components of our biphasic ceramic we improve its osteoinductive potential.