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Mechanisms for flow-enhanced cell adhesion.

Cheng Zhu1, Tadayuki Yago, Jizhong Lou

  • 1Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA. cheng.zhu@bme.gatech.edu

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|February 27, 2008
PubMed
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Flow enhances cell adhesion by augmenting tethering and rolling, potentially through faster bond formation and catch bonds. This study investigates flow-enhanced leukocyte adhesion mechanisms using dimensional and mutational analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cell adhesion relies on specific receptor-ligand bonds.
  • Elevated fluid flow can paradoxically increase cell adhesion despite shear forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate mechanisms behind flow-enhanced leukocyte adhesion.
  • Investigate the roles of transport-dependent bond formation and force-dependent bond dissociation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized dimensional analysis to study flow effects.
  • Employed mutational analysis to probe L-selectin-ligand interactions.
  • Examined transport modes: sliding, Brownian motion, and rotational diffusion.

Main Results:

  • Flow augments initial cell tethering and rolling velocity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Identified catch bonds as a mechanism where force prolongs receptor-ligand bond lifetimes.
  • Flow-enhanced adhesion involves accelerated bond formation and decelerated dissociation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Flow-enhanced cell adhesion is a complex phenomenon.
    • Mechanisms include transport-driven bond formation and catch bonds.
    • L-selectin-ligand interactions are crucial in flow-enhanced leukocyte adhesion.