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Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...

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Smoking Status and Survival in Patients With Early-Stage Primary Cutaneous Melanoma.

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Therapeutic Value of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients With Melanoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

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Oncologic Outcomes of Multi-Institutional Minimally Invasive Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection for Melanoma Compared with Open Inguinal Dissection in the Second Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-II).

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Sentinel lymph node melanoma metastases: Assessment of tumor burden for clinical prediction of outcome in the first Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial (MSLT-I).

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
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The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy

Published on: June 1, 2019

Pathobiology of the sentinel node.

Alistair J Cochran1, Steven J Ohsie, Scott W Binder

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1732, USA. acochran@mednet.ucla.edu

Current Opinion in Oncology
|February 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy improves survival for melanoma patients with early lymph node metastases. This procedure aids in prognosis and reduces surgical morbidity, with ongoing research into immune system roles.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

The Application of 1% Methylene Blue Dye As a Single Technique in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
07:51

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Published on: June 1, 2019

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy
05:52

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Published on: August 19, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy are standard for cutaneous melanoma staging.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a therapeutic benefit in managing early lymph node metastases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the established and emerging roles of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma.
  • To highlight the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of large-scale studies and ongoing trials.
  • Analysis of interim results from the Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial 1 (MSLT-1).
  • Emphasis on histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of sentinel nodes.

Main Results:

  • Sentinel node biopsy demonstrates improved disease-free and melanoma-specific survival.
  • Proper evaluation requires multi-level histologic and immunohistochemical analysis.
  • Immune modulation is recognized as a key factor in nodal metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy effectively predict prognosis and increase survival in select melanoma patients.
  • These procedures reduce the morbidity associated with traditional lymph node dissection.
  • Further research is needed on the immune system's role in metastasis and potential immunomodulatory therapies.