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Related Concept Videos

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the atmosphere, the...
Absorption of Nutrients01:19

Absorption of Nutrients

Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems01:22

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Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug absorption...
Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles01:21

Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

Pharmaconutrition: a new emerging paradigm.

Naomi E Jones1, Daren K Heyland

  • 1Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|February 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The current immunonutrition paradigm yields conflicting results. A new approach, pharmaconutrition, viewing nutrients as pharmacological agents, promises clearer insights and improved clinical practice for immune support.

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Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet
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Published on: January 3, 2017

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet
07:05

Behavioral Disturbances: An Innovative Approach to Monitor the Modulatory Effects of a Nutraceutical Diet

Published on: January 3, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The existing scientific paradigm of immunonutrition has produced inconsistent findings regarding the efficacy of immune-modulating nutrients.
  • This inconsistency necessitates a re-evaluation of current approaches to nutritional support in clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight recent studies in immunonutrition.
  • To provide rationale for the limitations of the current immunonutrition paradigm.
  • To propose a new paradigm, pharmaconutrition, to address these limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on immunonutrition.
  • Analysis of studies yielding conflicting results.
  • Conceptualization of a new paradigm based on pharmacological principles.

Main Results:

  • Parenteral glutamine is recommended for patients receiving parenteral nutrition.
  • Enteral glutamine may benefit burn and trauma patients.
  • Selenium and fish oil-enriched formulas show promise for critically ill patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome, respectively.
  • Arginine supplementation is not recommended.
  • Data on optimal nutrient administration (route, timing, duration, dosage) are insufficient.

Conclusions:

  • The current immunonutrition paradigm has limitations in consistently demonstrating nutrient benefits.
  • The proposed pharmaconutrition paradigm, treating nutrients as drugs, offers a potential solution.
  • Future research, particularly large randomized trials, is expected to clarify ambiguities and guide clinical practice.