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Related Concept Videos

UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...

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Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
13:44

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Published on: December 27, 2012

Experimental method for high-accuracy reflectivity-spectrum measurements.

C A Berseth, A Schönberg, O Dehaese

    Applied Optics
    |February 28, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new experimental method accurately measures mirror reflectivity spectra. This technique enhances distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), achieving 99.43% peak reflectivity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Semiconductor Devices

    Background:

    • Accurate characterization of optical components is crucial for laser performance.
    • Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are essential for high-reflectivity mirrors in lasers.
    • Existing methods may lack precision or be susceptible to noise and intensity fluctuations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel experimental method for precise measurement of mirror reflectivity spectra.
    • To demonstrate the method's effectiveness in characterizing DBRs for optoelectronic devices.
    • To provide accurate optical parameters for DBRs used in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs).

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizes multiple beam reflections between two identical mirrors for noise reduction.
    • Employs single-mode optical fibers to ensure high optical beam quality.
    • Incorporates high immunity against variations in optical beam intensity.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully characterized a 30-period GaAs/Al(0.65)Ga(0.35)As DBR.
    • Measured a peak reflectivity of 99.43 ± 0.04% at 1.562 µm.
    • Derived an optical absorption coefficient of α = 36 ± 6 cm⁻¹ and calculated internal reflectivity of 98.87 ± 0.12%.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed experimental method offers accurate reflectivity spectrum measurements.
    • The characterized DBR is suitable for high-performance long-wavelength VCSEL applications.
    • The method provides critical data for optimizing DBR design and laser performance.